• When stresses overwhelm the coping capacity of your nervous system, your body will go into flight or fight physiology.
• You have choices regarding what you input into your nervous system.
• If your attention dwells on disturbing topics, you’ll remain agitated, which fires up the physiology of your whole body.
• You may not be aware of the many ways you’re continually keeping your physiology fired up.

Anger and anxiety are words that describe agitated physiological states and are sensations generated by your body’s response to threats. When states of agitation are sustained, your body’s physiology causes physical damage to your tissues, sensitizes your perception of sensory input, and detracts from your capacity to enjoy life. Mental and physical pain will also increase. To some degree, you are in charge of the information going into your nervous system, and what you choose to input into your nervous system will affect your body’s chemistry (output).

What are you choosing to input?

Living creatures stay alive by scanning their environment and interpreting the resulting sensory input to determine whether a situation is safe or dangerous. Your nervous system coordinates your body’s internal and external responses to adapt and move on. Much of this process of adaptation involves your autonomic nervous system, which regulates your internal organs and the makeup of your body’s chemistry. When you feel threatened, your body reacts by upping its rate of energy consumption (preparing to fight or flee) and kindling inflammation (putting the immune system on guard against wounds). When this physiological state is sustained, you have a significant chance of becoming ill, as you are consuming resources to surivive.¹

Humans have the additional input of consciousness. Any threatening thoughts or concepts will cause your body to go into fight or flight. Consider the various ways we upset ourselves that we have conscious choices about. Simply recognizing the effects and choosing different calming input can significantly change your body’s physiology to a healing state of safety.

UNSOLVABLE PROBLEMS

A common means of becoming and remaining upset is focusing on situations that we have no control over. It is an effective way of maintaining an unpleasant physiological threat state. Dr. Fred Luskin, director of the Stanford Forgiveness Project and author of Forgive for Good,² has a term called, “the unenforceable rules.” His point is that it is fine to wish people would behave in a better manner, but you can’t control other’s behavior; especially at a societal level. It is easy to complain about politics, abuses in almost every arena of life, the unequal distribution of wealth, human trafficking, blatant misuse of power, the educational system, and bullying.  There are endless societal problems to be upset about, and it is a deeply justified reaction.

When these unpleasant thoughts rise to the level that you are reacting to them, you are consuming energy that you could otherwise use to actually make a difference in your own sphere of influence. Unfortunately, when you are agitated, your inflammatory markers are elevated,³ which increases the speed of nerve conduction;⁴ the brain is sensitized, and any pain will be magnified.

Here is a letter from a person who has been suffering from chronic pain for many years.

…… violence in nature is difficult for me, but human cruelty to others is incredibly upsetting. I have been this way since childhood. I am very sensitive, and I almost do not feel at home on this planet. I feel wired and tired at the same time.

Her outlook is understandable, and I think most people feel this way. However, she is “wired and tired” from being in a sustained flight or fight state.

Healing occurs only by stimulating your physiology to move into a state of safety. and It is almost impossible to accomplish while remaining agitated about situations you have no control over.

COMPLAINING

Another way we  remain agitated is by complaining, engaging in malicious gossiping, being judgmental, and giving unasked-for advice. How can this input bring your body’s physiology into that of feeling safe? When you are suffering from chronic pain, your overall life outlook may be clouded, and these behaviors may become more frequent. Although you have legitimate issues to be upset about, you are also reinforcing unpleasant neurological circuits in your brain. A better alternative is choosing to place your attention on more functional or more positive neurological circuits.

WHAT ARE YOU WATCHING?

What about what we choose to watch? Violent movies and video games fire up your nervous system and consequently your whole body. You have to ask yourself why would you choose to do this to yourself? It is a surefire way of being in a heightened state of flight or fight. Unfortunately, with repetition, it may become normalized, and you may not appreciate your body being in this state, although it has detrimental effects on your mental and physical health.

THE NEWS

Another behavior to consider is how much time do you spend watching the news? It goes without saying that most newsis upsetting. Although it is fine and important to have a feel for current events that affect our daily lives, watching the news for hours is counterproductive. You are sedentary (exercise is anti-inflammatory)⁵ and you are not viewing material that is creating a sense of relaxation and peace.

Moving forward

Understanding the effects of what you are inputting into your nervous system is important in calming it down. Initially, they may be so ingrained that you can’t see them or the effects they are having on the quality of your life. It takes practice to notice and is also challenging to change. How much of your life has been consumed by them. Are they productive?

You may notice that as you back away from these activities, you may feel more anxious, as you are less distracted. Anxiety is unpleasant and it takes practice to learn to tolerate it. Eventually, as you quit fighting this sensation, it will be less powerful and integrated into your daily life. It is a stepwise process and a learned skill.

Quit upsetting yourself

Here are some suggestions regarding changing your input in order to quiet down your threat physiology.

• Create a list of societal issues that are deeply upsetting to you. Feel how enormous and terrible these problems are. Express your feelings on paper – and tear it up. This can be done repeatedly. Paradoxically, you have more energy to take action in some domain you have a say in.
• Stop engaging in the following activities:
  • Watching violent movies or playing intense video games
  • Complaining about the states of various world affairs that are particularly upsetting to you.
  • Complaining about anything. If you can’t do something constructive, don’t spend time with it.
  • Giving unasked-for-advice or being verbally critical. Consider how you feel when someone does this to you. Both parties are on the defensive, social connection is compromised, and your nervous systems are fired up.
  • Malicious gossiping. Consider why are you engaging in it? You are in a small or big way, robbing a person of his or her reputation. You certainly are not creating a sense of peace and safety.
  •  Spending long periods of time watching the news. Limit yourself to maybe 30 minutes a day or just skim the daily headlines.

Become a light

Your individual contribution to the human experience lies in creating positive changes in yourself and being available to others you care about.  However, you can’t reach out if you are consumed by pain and frustration. You may be so deeply involved in dealing with the negatives of the human condition that it may not seem possible to be any other way. But you have a choice.

Not only is a constructive mindset —not to be confused with mindless positive thinking—attainable, it is possible in the worst of circumstances.

Exhibit A is Man’s Search for Meaning , written by Viktor Frankl,⁶ an Austrian psychiatrist who survived the WWII concentration camps. He bore witness to the worst horrors of the human experience, lost much of his family, and still found meaning and purpose in the midst of extreme suffering. The question he kept asking was, “What is life asking of me now?” Few of us could pull this off, but he demonstrated it could be done. Keeping perspective on a given day when the challenges seem unsurmountable is in sharp contrast to feeling like a victim.

The Swerve  by Stephen Greenblatt⁷ tells the story set in the mid-15^th century of the discovery of an ancient Greek manuscript. Greenblatt defined “The Swerve” as an event that is so significant that it altered the course of human history. The manuscript written in 60 BC contained the poem, The Nature of Things by Lucretius. Somehow, Lucretius figured out that matter was made up of particles called, “atoms.” The Church realized that if this was widely known, that there was a more powerful force than their authority, they would lose their hold on the population. Indeed, after this poem was discovered, it seemed to be a factor in ushering humanity out of the Dark Ages.

The most remarkable aspect of Lucretius’ poem is that he concluded, even while living in the midst of the misery and brutality of ancient times, that all each person can and should do is to live a full, rich, and meaningful life.

Both of these books drive home that the world—then and now—is full of extreme suffering. It is easy to become focused on what is wrong or we can step up and do what we can to alleviate it. Living life with sense of purpose improves your quality of life and contributes to happiness.⁸ It also pulls you out of threat physiology and allows you to refuel and regenerate.

Recap

Healing from chronic illness requires your body to be in a state of safety. You can’t heal while consuming your body’s resources while in threat. In a way, accomplishing this by carefully avoiding upsetting input is the easiest aspect of solving your chronic mental and physical pain.

Awareness of the effects of various inputs is the starting point. Then becoming more aware of the numerous ways you engage in these activities is important. As you use your brain’s survival circuits less and nurture more pleasurable ones, you will be able to experience a more gratifying life. To have a good life, you must live a good life.

 References

1. Smyth J, et al. Stress and disease: A structural and functional analysis. Social and Personality Psychology Compass (2013); 7/4217-227. 10.1111/spc3.12020
2. Luskin, Fred. Forgive for Good. Harper Collins, New York, NY, 2003.
3. Shields GS, et al. Psychosocial interventions, and immune system function. JAMA Psychiatry (2020); doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0431
4. Chen X, et al. Stress enhances muscle nociceptor activity in the rat. Neuroscience (2011); 185: 166-173. Evans, Patricia. Verbal Abuse: Survivors Speak Out. Avon Media Corporation, Avon, MA, 1993.
5. Sallis R, et al. Physical inactivity is associated with a higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes: a study in 48440 adult patients. Br J Sports Med (2021); 0:1-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104080
6. Frankl, Viktor. Man’s Search for Meaning. Beacon Press, Boston, MA, 1959.
7. Greenblatt, Stephen. The Swerve. Norton and Co., New York, NY, 2011.
8. Cole SW, et al. Social regulation of gene expression in human leukocytes. Genome Biology (2007); 8:R189. doi: 10.1186/gb-2007/8/9/R189

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Repetitive thoughts

When you suffer, you have the same set of thoughts over and over; a process that clearly reinforces a given neurological circuit. Suffering takes many forms. Ways it is manifested include complaining, arguing, manipulation, gossiping, etc. There are often strong repetitive thoughts regarding the mess that your life has become. The resulting anger is the jet fuel that gets these circuits really spinning. It is almost impossible to “let it go,” because the anger feels so justified. The situation is already miserable even before we consider the unrelenting pain.

The process is similar to a person learning any skill with repetition. Athletics, music, art, computers, dance, racing, language, etc. Any skill you have was acquired with repeated specific focused movements. The problem with pain, mental or physical is that the impulses hit your nervous system so fast and are persistent. Whether you suppress or experience your suffering doesn’t matter. The outcome is the same and it is a programming problem.

Additionally, recent neuroscience on the nature of human consciousness has shown that thoughts and concepts are embedded into our brains in the same way concrete objects are discerned, such as shape, texture, color, categories, etc. In my first book, I pointed out that thoughts are real because the human body reacts to them with a neurochemical response. I was wrong. Thoughts are your version of reality and are as real to you as the chair you are sitting in. We are all deeply and completely programmed by our past experiences.

Not letting go

I recently had a patient who was convinced that somehow the orthopedic surgeon had done a poor job on his rotator cuff surgery five years earlier. Although he was in my office to look at his neck, he continued to rant about how he had been irreversibly damaged by this surgeon. I don’t know how well the surgery went compared to how well he had done his rehab after the shoulder surgery. He was so focused on the story and the sensations around his shoulder that I could not even touch his skin around the shoulder girdle. Regardless of the reason for his condition, his daily quality of life was additionally compromised by these repetitive, ruminating thoughts.

Often patients with chronic pain see a psychologist for help in dealing with negative thoughts/suffering. This is a generally a good idea — I am a strong proponent of psychological support for almost any situation. However, it must be used in the correct context. In my experience, if your sessions are used only to talk about your problems, you are merely firing up negative neurological circuits and making them more complex.  It can be a form of “sophisticated suffering.”  For psychological interventions to work, you also need a “reprogramming” component. Not sharing your pain

Repetition is a huge factor in deeply embedding pain circuits. It also the reason we ask people not to discuss their pain or medical care with ANYONE, except their immediate health care providers. Since mental pain is a bigger problem than physical pain, this recommendation also extends to no complaining, gossiping, criticism, and giving unasked-for advice. In other words, just listen and be nice. Your brain will follow in kind.

The post Suffering first appeared on Back in Control.

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